Marketing is seen as a business function Essay Example

Marketing is seen as a business function Essay Conventionally, marketing is seen as a business function. The goal is to identify the needs and wants of consumers, determine which target markets to serve, design appropriate products, services and programs, and then publicise and deliver these offerings. This view of marketing is important, but it is a partial view. The discipline is more than a business function it is also embodies an attitude of mind.Everyone in the organisation is encouraged to focus on customers. The goal is to create customer satisfaction profitably by building valued relationships with customers, clients, suppliers, distributors, and others. This is about shaping attitudes and behaviour among all employees, not just those whose business function is formally described by the marketing label. This underscores the fact that the principles of marketing have a central role to play in contemporary businesses such as Qantas and within society.In many ways the current marketing activities within Qantas are following traditional and well-tried methods which reflect decisions regarding the product/service provision of routes, seat allocation and types, in-flight and ground-based services, the price structure, distribution channels and promotional activity. The marketing environment, however, is becoming more competitive, as external influences have affected the efficiency and profitability of the airline industry. Many developments have been technologically pushed: thus larger aircrafts have increased capacity, leading to reduced real fares and improved many aspects of the in-flight experience (though the tendency to large aircrafts might have ended with the introduction of smaller plans (Jetstar) to fly domestically);computer reservation systems have simplified bookings; airport infrastructure improved within the Qantas terminals to improve pre- and post-flight aspects of travel, and investments by government agencies to improve flight navigational systems and air traffic control to advance the punctuality of all airlines.Marketing Planning ProcessPlanning is an essential component for success in any business operation. In order for a business to infiltrate a marketing program, a business needs a plan which will put the objectives of the business in to prospect and makes them easier to achieve. The way in which a company does this is to create a marketing plan, which requires 5 main steps in its process.Analyse Present Marketing Situation (situation analysis)This situation analysis should then be summarized in a SWOT analysis showing the important Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats facing the firm. The external environmental factors may impose threats on the firms ability to operate, or they may create opportunities to develop new products, increase market share, or develop new markets. By analysing the firms existing resources, both human and financial, the marketing manager can gain an understanding of the firms strengths and weaknesses and hence develop its marketing strategies to build on its strengths and reduce the influence of its weaknessesThe blanket approach of mass marketing was touted by marketing professionals of years past, todays industry experts are singing the praises of one-to-one, or relationship marketing. And rightfully so. Todays consumers are savvier than ever before. With access to nearly any piece of information they want via the Internet, consumers dont want salespeople spouting off scripted presentations. Rather, they need advocates who are willing to help them find real solutions. How can you do that? By learning who your customers are; by finding out their real needs; and by offering them tailored products and services that work for them. The first step in attaining those lofty goals is to choose a customer base that is appropriate for your business. In order to find out who your target market is there are three steps that need to be followed:I. Identify Potential CustomersII. Conducting Market ResearchIII. C hoosing a Target MarketQantas airlines offer a range of products and services which allows them to have different market segments with different wants and needs. Knowing who their customers are and what they want allows them to compete more effectively while products are able to be defined and altered according to their price, place of sale determined. Promotions are also better focused for each market segment. e.g. Customers who are after more space, personal laptops, personal phone and other luxury items are able to buy a first class or business class ticket, parallel are those customers who want a standard seat and would benefit from buying a economy seat. In order to provide the best products and services, Qantas has to conduct market research to find out who their customers are and what they are after. Research is performed by a range of research technique such as surveys of passengers in flight, mail based surveys, complaint monitoring and discussion with customers by contacti ng staff, all of which are primary sources of data collection. Secondary data includes government statistics, airlines magazines etc.Another major component of Analysing the Present Marketing Situation (situation analysis) is the prediction of market opportunities .Businesses use a SWOT analysis when evaluating themselves and the competitors. The SWOT Analysis enables the businesses such as Qantas to identify what their Strengths are, and try to further develop these; where its Weakness are and try to overcome them and improve in these areas; what possible Opportunities are in the marketplace; and what threats could arise from changes in external influencesStrengths70% domestic market share with 90% of corporate marketExcellent airport locationGlobally recognized brand name andlogoCurrently one of the most profitable airlinesOne of the worlds safest airlineIntroduction of Jetstar into the low cost airline industry.WeaknessesSpeculations British airways will withdraw its $1.3 share i n QantasHigh labour costsGovernment refuses to lift foreign ownership restrictionsOpportunitiesDeveloping further e-commerce operationsExpanding its travel, catering and freight divisionContinually evolving aircraft technologyTake advantage of aviation growth in Asian Pacific region.ThreatsIncrease in government regulations preventing takeoversContinuing international threats creating a weaker market/economySWOT analysis of QantasIdentify Target MarketFor effective advertising a firm should first identify its customer (Target Market) in order to decide how advertising and other forms of promotion mesh with the various parts of the marketing mix (product-place-price-promotion) and to better reach the customer while creating an appropriate image.We regard the Target Market as those customers on whom you will place primary emphasis when developing an advertising program. In other words, the Target Market will not include everyone. To be able to develop a profile of your Target Market, you need to first determine the characteristics of the Consumer Market in order to learn who the potential customers for your market are. The characteristics of your Consumer Market include: Age, Income, Education, Occupation, Marital Status, Gender, Life Style, Consumption Patterns and Reasons for Purchase.The airline industry offers a range of services which caters for many transportation needs. Qantas has four main air services ranging from international to their new low cost domestic carrier. These four airlines generally differ on the destinations they fly as well as their pricing of tickets. All four of these airlines attract different customer, further more, within each of these airlines, they segment the market into even smaller categories by offering a variety of facilities onboard each airline, e.g. Business, First and Economy class.Fig1.1Qantass passenger transportation attracts the highest amount of revenue out of all there subsidiary and associated businesses (fig 1.1). Qantass marketing team promotes this sector of the business as well as the Tour and Travel sector to the general public, while their Freight services are directed at companies rather then consumers .The other remanding companies associated with Qantass core operations were developed to cut costs for passenger services and therefore require no marketing towards any consumer groups.Determine marketing objectivesThe marketing objectives of a business set down the goals which businesses wish to maintain or develop in the future operation of the company. Qantas which is a public company listed on the Australian Stock Exchange has a duty towards its fellow shareholders. Operating as a public company means that the marketing objectives are developed in order to satisfy the shareholder, and consequently this leads to the core objective of Qantas is to make a profit. The profit created will provide the shareholders with a satisfactory return on their investments (fig 1.2) as well as to gene rate enough profit in reserve to fund expansion and acquisition of new aircrafts. Qantass primary aim to maintain affordable air travel in order to keep enough demand to sustain profits will help reach this main objective of theirs.Fig 1.2Other such objectives include:* Maintain Its domestic market share of 70%* Increase internet sales( currently accounting for 28% , a 50% increase form last year)* Increased customer services* Decrease operating costs, aprox. $1 billion over a 2 year period* Develop non-flying services, so Qantas doesnt base its total reliance on its flying services and has is able to fall back onto non-flying businesses when air travel have decreased.* Introduce new routes and expand the corporate sizeSelect appropriate Marketing Mix (Develop Marketing Strategies)When you establish your marketing objectives, you are really asking what are the companys aims. These aims can only be achieved through the development of marketing strategies. It is now up to management t o develop strategies that will satisfy the wants and needs of the target markets and ultimately achieve its marketing objectives. Qantas has successfully created subsidiary and associated companies in order to lower the cost of operations. Qantass well organisation of companies allows them to work together to capitialise on their corporate strengths and minimise the effect of any weaknesses they may have. Whether companies increase sales, create new products(Jetstar), drop prices or increase the amount of advertising they usually refer to what is known as the Marketing mix.Fig 1.3: Standard Marketing mixThe Marketing mix consists of four elements. The Product (and service) offered for sale, the place (distribution) networks of the businesses, the promotional activities and the pricing structure. These interdependent products are coordinated to make up the businesss tactics.Qantass businesses will all have a different marketing mix; therefore we cannot have a look at Qantas as one co mpany in detail. As the elements are interdependent, the differentiating products and services will influence the price which they will sell for, the different PS are available from different locations and depending on which PS you look at, there promotional activity changes.Preparing the Marketing PlanThe final stage in the marketing planning process is the marketing plan. The marketing plan organises and puts the information discussed above in a structured and understandable report that will direct and communicate the objectives and strategies of the business and ultimately set the businesses direction. The marketing plan also provides the implementation process, cost involved as well as expected revenue that will be generated. How the Marketing actions will be monitored and controlled will also be discussed.Over the past four years the international market has become far more volatile, particularly since the terrorist activities of September 11, 2001. Qantas and its part-owner Br itish Airways (BA) have maintained a strong alliance in the face of turmoil in the aviation industry generally. While BA has become cash strapped, Qantas has remained cash positive and profitable. Qantass strategy is to remain flexible-not only by ensuring that its fleet can operate as a single-class carrier or be quickly converted to a mix of business and economy class, but also by cutting costs. Importantly it plans to ensure that its non-airline businesses stay profitable. These businesses accounted for 30 per cent of the companys profits in the six months to December 2001, and include Qantas Flight Catering Ltd, Qantas Holidays, Qantas Defence Systems, Australian Air Express, Qantas Business Travel and also includes its frequent flyer programs and co-branded credit card operations.Marketing Strategies in QantasOver the past year, Qantas has been conducting in-flight questionnaires that are completed during the flight in order to monitor customer satisfaction. Hidden within these questionnaire answers were valuable insights about the drivers of overall satisfaction and of customers intent to purchase. The 1,500 questionnaires gathers were analysed and gave Qantas statistically how important customers stated satisfaction with each product and service feature (such as seating, cabin crew or entertainment).From these they were able to identify which areas would incremental investment have the biggest business impact on. The results from this survey are below.From the questionnaires, it is apparent that there needs to be certain investments that are needed to be made into improving customer satisfactions. Such areas as entertainment, cabin crew, seating and check-ins are all proving to be performing under the customers expectation level. These results attained in 2002 have allowed Qantas to make significant changes to their business and improve customer satisfaction.Food Service and In-flight diningThe food service and In-flight dinning was well approved by the customer, but Qantas believed there was still room for improvements. In December 2002, Qantas introduced new menus and larger serving to those traveling in international economy class as well as Snack on Q, an assortment of snacks all in a drawstring bag. In September 2003, Qantas introduced more flexible and healthier menu choices for those traveling business and first class, as well as providing a room service like breakfast meal.Check-insCheck-in were a major time consuming issue which irritated many customers, Qantas introduced a new system called QuickCheck .These self service kiosks in Sydney and Melbourne domestic terminals were installed in August 2002.QuicChecl provide a fast flight check-in service for all the passengers who have no language and are able to get checked-in in less than a minute. There are also plans to expand the Quick Check kiosk to Canberra and Brisbane.EntertainmentQantas also needed a entertainment investment as there old system was proving to fall beh ind and other airlines were a lot more advanced in their in-flight entertainment systems. Qantas invested more than $300million on upgrading there in-flight entertainment system on it Boeing 747s.The new systems includes video screens mounted on the back of chairs-offering movies and video games for the Economy class. Business and First class received new individual touch screen monitors as well as in-seat power points, while all classes received personal telephones.All the following things are a few thing Qantas had invested in to provide a better Product to its consumers. Qantas has all used other strategies concerning Price, Place and Promotion to increase customer numbers and make Qantas the brand of choice.PlaceQantas has to provide easily accessible ticketing and purchaseing facilities to maintain a large customer base.Accessablity is an important factor which relies on both direct and in-direct distribution channels.Directly, customers can visit any of the Qantas Travel Centr es called Qantas holiday or such companies as Viva and Jetabout which are also partly owned by Qantas.This vertical intergration Qantas has invested in limits the likelihood of owner entity selling compeditors tickets.Other services such as telephone and airport ticket sales are were also installed to make the process quicker and more efficient.Marketing is probably the key ingredient in a companys success. It is hugely important factor in how companies differentiate themselves and get a competitive edge. With airlines we are fighting against becoming a commodity and the way to do that is marketing, positioning ourselves as a company that is offerings something different from our competitors. Geoff Dixon

Elizabeth Cady Stanton Biography

Elizabeth Cady Stanton Biography Free Online Research Papers Elizabeth Cady Stanton, one of the most influential leaders of the Nineteenth Century Feminist movement, was one of the most famous women of her day and a seemingly tireless force in reform. Her very beginnings as a young girl growing up in Johnstown, New York contributed to this endless sense of determination. Fortunate to be born into an affluent political family, her horizons were forever broadened by the vast amount of subjects she was able to study independently in her family’s home and at a women’s seminary. Furthermore, her encounters with fugitive slaves and the Quaker movement forever changed her life. Even after her marriage to abolitionist Henry Stanton, and raising 7 children, she was still very much involved in the fight for the rights of not only women, but of slaves and of the poor. Her meeting with fellow suffragette Susan B. Anthony sealed her fate, and the two women became the best of friends and worked together closely for the next 50 years. The history of our country has, in part, been one of struggle to achieve justice and rights for all Americans. Stanton worked along with her fellow suffragettes to obtain justice and rights for women, not only in public life, but within the home is well. Interestingly enough, Stanton not only strove for equality for her gender but for the ending of slavery as well. Upon further reading, I found that many of the sympathetic abolitionists in Stanton’s day, were strangely enough, quite ignorant of the same injustices that women faced. Stanton wrote in her autobiography, â€Å"Eighty Years and More,† â€Å"It struck me as very remarkable that abolitionists, who felt so keenly the wrongs of the slave, should be so oblivious to the equal wrongs of their own mothers, wives, and sisters, when, according to the common law, both classes occupied a similar legal status.† These ‘wrongs’ covered more than not being allowed to vote. Women were limited in many aspects of their lives, including . They were not allowed to hold property in their name, obtain a divorce, could neither buy nor sell, no right to their own earnings, make contracts or own anything, and had no right to even their own children. In her writings and speeches, she even went as far as to compare the plight of the ‘Negro’ with that of the ‘woman† in her Address to the New York State Legislature in 1860. What interested me immensely is that Stanton pointed to the Bible as the primary source of the many injustices that her gender and African Americans faced. Ms. Stanton held that suffrage for women would be pointless if religion still controlled their sex in the home and in society. She wrote, â€Å"When women understand that governments and religions are human inventions; that bibles, prayer-books, catechisms, and encyclical letters are all emanations from the brains of man, they will no longer be oppressed by the injunctions that come to them with the divine authority of ‘Thus sayeth the Lord.’† Stanton found the Bible so archaic and irrelative to her time, that she and a group of other women went to the point of writing her own Bible, â€Å"The Woman’s Bible,† which of course, had the effect of starting a great controversy of sorts among her own supporters. She stated that both Paul and Jesus Christ, two of the main figures of the New Testament were both celibate and unmarried, and â€Å"condemned marriage by both precept and example.† Another aspect of Stanton’s views that piqued my interest and was is her implication that the ‘white male’ has been overburdened or more specifically, over ‘granted’ too many rights. I agree with her in the aspect that man should not be able to determine the fates of anyone but themselves. She also held true that woman as a gender had never asked or begged of man to represent them and hold control over their lives, and that women were indeed self-supplicant and could show evidence of such if given a chance. Though Stanton worked a very ‘behind the scenes role’ she was able to still play a vital role in the women’s rights movement, and penned many of the documents and writings that Anthony delivered. Stanton, along with others, was able to bring to fruition the first woman’s rights convention in the United States, co-authored the Declaration of Rights of the Women of the United States, but unfortunately, never lived to see her life’s mission fully achieved. The woman’s right to vote was instituted into this country’s constitution some 10 – 20 odd years after she passed away. However, her efforts were not in vain, and she is still seen as one of the most influential people in the long and weary road towards equal rights for women not0. only in the United States, but also all over the world. Research Papers on Elizabeth Cady Stanton Biography19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Fifth HorsemanInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoHip-Hop is ArtCapital PunishmentAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Identify three key Educational issues in Britain today. What are the Essay

Identify three key Educational issues in Britain today. What are the main causes of disagreement regarding these issues - Essay Example Additionally, it is about conscious formation of the discipline of the mind and thought processes. Education serves as one of the key elements needed to sustain and attain growth in a certain country. It is important for an individual, particularly adults, to have an education as it is the basic requirement for one to enter the labour market. Without education, an individual is likely to be inferior compared to those who have obtained a formal education (Moore, 2004). To some extent, educational systems of countries like the United Kingdom are considered complicated, taking into accounts its advantages and disadvantages. Education is a most basic yet important element of the society; thus countries are constantly implementing substantial changes in their educational systems to improve the quality of education to the utmost extent possible. Education in the United Kingdom According to Machin and Vignoles (2005), attempts have been made to change the educational system in the UK. Polic y reforms are being pushed with the intention of making UK education more productive and market-oriented (Bartlett & Burton, 2007). Other reforms include parents being given more choice as to the school which they want their children to attend while compelling schools to be more accountable over learning and achievement student outcomes. Notable reforms are the inclusion of the national prescribed curriculum attempting to raise active involvement in post-compulsory schooling and the introduction of tuition fees for higher education (Ward, 2004). Ninety (90) percent of the student population in the United Kingdom are enrolled at the state schools. Accordingly, around 8.5 million children are attending one of the 30,000 available schools in the country. Around 830,000 children attend to the 5,000 schools offering pre-school and special educations schools. It is notable that primary schools are usually composed of male and female students, while secondary schools may be composed of eit her single sex or co-educational depending on the schools. As mandated by law, children between age five and 16 years must undergo a full-time education, except for Northern Ireland where children must begin at the age of four. Consequently, a child who is under the age of five must attend state schools offering nursery and pre-school education but on a limited hours while children who are above 16 years of age may attend the sixth form colleges and other educational institutions that provide general education courses in addition to more specific vocational or applied subjects (Referencing the Qualifications Frameworks of the United Kingdom to the European Qualifications Framework, 2009). In the joint report made by Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework Partnership, Welsh Assembly Government, council for the curriculum examinations and assessment and Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (2009) the United Kingdom in 1992 introduced the National Curriculum requiring state sc hools to adhere to the policy until such time that students reach the age of 16. The Education and Skills Act of 2008 raised the minimum age requirement to 18, while coming 2013 it will be implemented for 17 years of age and in 2015 for 18 years old. Independent schools, those who are not government funded, are not required to comply and implement the National Curriculum. Issues in Educational System Apparently, amongst the various issues and

Chain-growth polymerization reactions Lab Report

Chain-growth polymerization reactions - Lab Report Example Chain growth polymerization occurs in distinctive steps. The first step involves chain initiation in which an initiator commences the chemical process. The next step involves chain elongation followed by chain transfer. Chain transfer concludes the chain after which the active site is moved to the new chain. Polymers, solvents and monomers can facilitate this. This processes leads to an increase in the branching of the ensuing polymer. Chain termination occurs as the last step through disproportion or combination. Termination in fundamental polymerization occurs when free radicals combine. The active center for a chain growth polymerization can assume the state of a free radical in the corresponding polymerization. Radical polymerization in this case involves the successive addition of radical building blocks. This can occur through several mechanisms, which involve different initiator molecules (Wünsch 131). After the generation process, the initiating radical adds monomer units, which leads to the growth of the polymer. Chain growth polymerization such as radical polymerization reactions leads to the generation of different material composites and polymers. Radical polymerization involves different initiators such as thermal decomposition in which the bond is homolytically cleaved leading to the production of two radicals. Photolysis involves the use of radiation in cleaving bonds homolytically. The initiation step is followed by the propagation in which the polymer increases its chain length. The termination process follows unless the reaction has contaminants, which can contribute to the addition of monomers (Richardson, and Erik 92). Chain transfer occurs as the last step, which leads to the destruction of a radical and construction of another radical. However, the new radical usually does not have propagation capabilities. Chain growth polymerization leads to the formation of an elevated molecular weight polymer at low conversion. In this case, the

One of the Most Innovative Poducts of the Recent Decades Essay

One of the Most Innovative Poducts of the Recent Decades - Essay Example Another strategic resource responsible for 3M’s innovativeness is its strong human resources (Warc News, 2011). The organization is structured in a way that each worker has the dual responsibility of adhering to his/her particular business unit and region as well as being a part of the global 3M network. This global nature of the company’s existence and operations is yet another factor responsible for its success. Hence, employees are encouraged to take on additional roles, move from one region to another and even rotate from one business unit to another (Warc News, 2011). Thus, 3M is flexible in terms of its human resource development and assignment of task roles which further reinforces its culture of thinking out of the box. The company further ensures that change is the only constant element. Hence, trial and error, risk taking and failure are a norm at 3M. This is reinforced by a high degree of employee empowerment such that there is a high tolerance for ambiguity and risk amongst all members. This is combined by the process of reverse thinking that allows workers to schedule their work in a flexible manner, thereby enhancing their motivation to work. However, as much as ad-hoc ideas and brainstorming is encouraged, the company is highly customer-oriented and conducts rigorous, continuous market research in an attempt to continually provide something better and valuable to the customers (Bryson & Rusten, 2008). Hence, at all times the company monitors the pulse of the customer. 2) One of the most innovative products of the recent decades has been the Apple i-phone. The company was able to rack up profits worth millions of dollars despite the global recession. The fundamental reason for it success was its superior design and aesthetic appeal. The phone combined the aspects of beauty and function in a way no other phone has. Hence, the product is labeled as iconic or a pioneer in its type of design and user interface. A significant factor has a lso been Apple’s sheer marketing gimmicks and campaign which was able to capture a large share of mind in its customers. Perhaps, the fact that the product was in the same line as other products in the Apple Family also favored i-phone tremendously (Denning et al., 2010). So customers who own a MAC ( by Apple) and are in search of a mobile phone would find i-phone compelling simply because of the fact that they can synchronize data easily amongst the two. This would allow them to easily transfer, retrieve and store data interchangeably since the two devices share similar technology by the same manufacturer (Apple). Another major reason behind the astounding success of i-phone is the affordability. This simply means that, faced with a choice between a laptop and a mobile phone, consumers with limited money will prefer buying the latter (Curwen & Whalley, 2011). The choice is made easier with the inclusion of software and various applications on i-phone that allow its users to obtain similar interface as that of a laptop. Perhaps, one of the distinguishing features of i-phone was its state of the art integration of internet services that were technically unmatched with its competitors. Furthermore, the time when i-phone was launched is a critical factor behind its success. i-phone was released at a time when social networking had begun operations and people all over the world were enthusiastic about using the new web platform for which i-phone provided an excellent connection (Denning et

The Opening Sequence Of Mary Poppins Film Studies Essay

The Opening Sequence Of Mary Poppins Film Studies Essay The opening sequence of Mary Poppins shows a backdrop of the city of London. Credits scroll by as the camera pans from right to left on the backdrop until it zooms in on Mary Poppins, (Julie Andrews), sitting on a cloud. A medley of songs: Feed the Birds, A Spoonful of Sugar, and Chim, Chim, Cher-ee play in the background. Finally, the camera pans down to a park where Bert, (Dick Van Dyke) sings and plays a one-man-band to a crowd of onlookers. He begs a tip from an affluent audience and then leads the viewer to Cherry Tree Lane. This introduces the story, characters, and location of the film. Bert tells of a changing wind, which suggests that Mary Poppins is arriving. Using the same backdrop of London at the beginning and the end brings the movie full-circle when the wind changes again and Mary returns to the clouds. At the end of the movie, Mary leaves while the Banks family flies kites together. Bert says goodbye to Mary on her way back to the clouds over London. The song, Lets Go Fly a Kite plays as credits roll past. The movies theme is that only a tuppence of change can make a difference. Mary Poppins brings that change when she teaches the Banks family that little things like a tuppence for feeding birds, making chores fun when the children clean their rooms, and going for imaginary outings in the park can make a difference in the their lives. The opening scene sets up this theme when Bert expects a tip from his well-dressed audience. Some give generously to help him, but others dont give anything at all. Did you find the aforementioned film to be satisfying and/or entertaining? Did it make an impact that will be lasting? Will you or will you not recommend it to others? Why? Mary Poppins is an entertaining childrens movie, although I dont care for other musicals. It reiterates how I feel about doing small things that make a difference to help others. I recommend this movie to parents of young children because I think it would appeal to a young audience. It has great music like A Spoonful of Sugar, animated scenes of penguin waiters, and colorful carousel ponies that children would like. Isolate a five-to-ten minute continuous stretch of the required film from Lesson 4 or Lesson 5. As an exercise, turn off the sound and watch for every cut in a scene(s). Briefly describe a number of editing cuts you see. Be explicit about what film stretch you observed and what editing cuts are evidenced. Is the cutting conspicuous or inconspicuous, rapid or slow, smooth or jarring? What is the point of the cutting in each scene(s)? To clarify? Lyricize? Create suspense? Explore an emotion or idea in depth? Explain. Describe how the action is pictured in these cuts. In scene 13, Mary and the children visit Uncle Albert. They walk down an alley to a building. The camera cuts to a low angle shot of Mary at the door. After Bert opens the door for them to come inside, the scene cuts to a shot inside Uncle Alberts home. A medium shot shows Bert, Mary, and the children (Mat Garber, Karen Dotrice) standing by a stairway. The camera pans and follows them through another doorway. The scene cuts to another room they all go in. The camera pans to an establishing long shot of everyone in the room including Uncle Albert (Ed Wynn) who sits in the air near the ceiling. The next cut is a high angle shot from Uncle Alberts point of view looking down to Mary, Bert, and the children. It cuts to a close-up of Uncle Albert laughing and gesturing with his hands. Then a cut to a high angle reaction shot of the childrens faces as they see Uncle Albert. Several reaction shots, low or high angle shots, and close-ups cut back and forth from Uncle Albert laughing and tumbl ing in the air, to the children laughing, to Bert trying to keep from laughing, and Mary admonishing them. A cut to a long shot for reestablishing everyones place in the room keeps viewers focused. Finally, all four characters join Uncle Albert in the air for tea. The conspicuous and classical cuts jump back and forth quickly, but they are smooth and give emotional details of the facial expressions of the characters and physical details of where everyone is in the room. For instance, one can see that Mary disapproves when she rolls her eyes, glares down at the children, or looks crossly at Bert in several two shot cuts. In other cuts the camera shows disorienting shots of Uncle Albert near the ceiling, or follows him as he tumbles around. Using the required film viewed from Lesson 2, 4, or 5, concentrate on sound effects in one scene with quite a bit of movement. Describe the different sounds/noises in the scene and how they are used. Watch this one scene again without sound. How do sound effects contribute to the impact of the scene? As with #3, be explicit about what scene you observed for sounds and movement. In the Step in Time dance number of scene 19, chimney sweeps dance on rooftops. Dancers keep time with the rhythmic music, but no tapping feet are heard. The music seems to tap the beat for them. When the songs lyrics say, act like a birdie, a shrill whistle mimics a birds sound. When Admiral Boom (Reginald Owen) fires on the dancers, the audience hears hissing, pops, and booms of rockets soaring through the air with whizzing sounds. Without sound, the chimney sweeps appear to be marching to war. This might be confusing when Admiral Boom fires rockets across the sky, but the cheerful vocals and the beat of the music soften the scene so the viewer is entertained instead of misinterpreting it as a war scene or being bored by its length. Using the required film viewed from Lesson 2, 4, or 5, describe how music is employed. What type of musical score does the film feature-orchestral music, jazz music, ballroom music, vocals, etc.? What types of musical instruments are heard? List several instruments. Is music used to underline speech or is it employed only for action or dance scenes? What precise songs, tunes, or vocal performances are prominent? The music in Mary Poppins sets the tempo of the movie and allows characters to sing what is happening instead of using boring dialogue. For instance, Mrs. Banks (Glynnis Johns) sings about her role in helping Womens Votes, and Mr. Banks (David Tomlinson) sings about keeping his home on schedule. The film uses vocals and orchestra music throughout the movie. Violins, cellos, drums, flutes, trombones, harps, cymbals, and tubas can be heard in the orchestra. The movie depends on vocals and music to underline speech and tell its story; however the chimneysweep Step in Time sequence uses the music for action and dance. Other favorite songs of the movie are A Spoonful of Sugar, Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, and Chim, Chim, Cher-ee. Now a Disney classic, Mary Poppins is a favorite of children and adults.

Europeans And Aborigines In The 1700s Essay -- Australia Australian H

European ships chiefly began sailing into southern Australian waters in the 18th century. These left human cargoes behind and, unlike earlier visitors, had an immediate impact on the Aborigines, who suffered interference with their economy and lifestyle as the colonists sought and secured for themselves good sources of water, sheltered positions, and access to fish—all of which were also vital to Aboriginal people. The perception that Australia was quietly â€Å"settled† without conflict with the Aboriginal people, an idea that, it has been argued, enabled the concept of â€Å"terra nullius† to be maintained, has been substantially revised in recent years. It is now generally acknowledged that resistance took place right from the first tentative encroachments by European nations into Australian waters. The Dutch sailed into the Gulf of Carpentaria in 1606 and one Dutch sailor was killed by the Tjungundji (whose hero was the warrior Sivirri). Another Dutch ship visited the area in 1623, but in attempting to kidnap people was met by 200 warriors who drove the sailors away. James Cook, in spite of the popular misconception, also met with some resistance in Botany Bay. Two Tharawal men, after sending away the women and children, stood firm against Cook’s landing. According to Cook’s account of the incident: â€Å"We then threw them some nails, beads etc. ashore which th ey took up and seem’d not ill pleased in so much that I thought that they beckoned to us to come ashore, but in this we were much mistaken, for as soon as we put the boat in they again came to oppose us upon which I fired a musket between the two which had no other effect than to make them retire back where bundles of their darts lay, and one of them took up a stone and threw at us w... ..., and movement controls and restriction of ceremonies meant that Aboriginal people were much more isolated from each other than they had been before. This, together with the influences and impact of European culture, resulted in the development of new artistic styles. In some areas gospel music with a uniquely Aboriginal (or Torres Strait Islander) flavour was written and performed, in others country-and-western music or blues styles developed. More recently have come rock music and modern dance groups such as Bangarra. From the 1950s, new materials and styles came to be used in the visual arts, including watercolours, acrylic paints, pottery, photography, landscape, abstract art, and sculpture. These also reflected the radical changes in lifestyle and economy resulting from permanent European settlement, although the effect varied considerably across the continent.